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Capacitance is a fundamental electrical property of electronic components that describes their ability to store electrical energy in the form of an electric field. It is measured in farads (F) and represents the ratio of the amount of electric charge stored on a component to the voltage across it. Capacitors are passive components that exhibit capacitance and are commonly used in electronic circuits for various purposes such as filtering, energy storage, timing, and coupling. Capacitance plays a crucial role in determining the behavior and performance of electronic systems by influencing factors like signal propagation, frequency response, and power consumption.

Dielectric is a term used in the context of electronic components to refer to a material's ability to store electrical energy in an electric field. It is a key parameter in capacitors, insulators, and other electronic devices. Dielectric materials have high electrical resistance and low conductivity, allowing them to separate and insulate conductive materials while still allowing the passage of electric fields. The dielectric constant, also known as relative permittivity, is a measure of a material's ability to store electrical energy and is an important factor in determining the capacitance of a component. Overall, the dielectric property plays a crucial role in the design and performance of various electronic components.