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How are Integrated Circuits produced?20 October 2025
An integrated circuit is a miniature electronic device or component with specific circuit functions. It is made through semiconductor manufacturing processes such as oxidation, photolithography, diffusion, epitaxy, and aluminum evaporation.
The Introduction to USB Type-C Pin Signal and PCB Layout03 December 2021
Hello everyone. Welcome to the new post today. USB Type-C is a smaller-volume USB interface standard than Type-A and Type-B. It can be used on a PC (master device) as well as external devices (slave devices, such as mobile phones).
What Sensors does a Car Engine Have?28 March 2025
The engine sensor control system contains many types of sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, position and speed sensors, oxygen sensors, and knock sensors, etc...
Multivibrator: Circuits, Types and Application08 September 2020
A multivibrator uses deep positive feedback, to turn on and off two electronic devices alternately through the resistance-capacitance coupling, thereby self-excites and generates a square wave output. It's often used as a square wave generator...
What is Safety Relay?12 April 2025
Safety relays represent a critical advancement in industrial automation technology, serving as essential components in machine safety systems. Unlike standard relays, safety relays are specifically engineered to provide reliable protection in potentially hazardous environments. This article explores the fundamental aspects of safety relays, including their operational principles, wiring configurations, and proper implementation methods in industrial settings.
Working Principle and Characteristics of Zener diodes20 October 2025
Zener diodes are diodes that act as regulators. By using the reverse breakdown state of the PN junction, the current of the Zener diodes can be changed within a wide range while the voltage is unchanged.
Microwave Diode: Introduction and Types07 January 2021
Microwave diodes are diodes that work in the microwave frequency band. It is a solid-state microwave device. Microwave band usually refers to the frequency from 300 MHz to 3000 GHz. After the discovery of the point contact diode effect at the end of the 19th century, microwave diodes such as PIN diodes, varactor diodes, and Schottky diode tubes appeared one after another. Microwave diodes have the advantages of small size and high reliability, and are used in microwave oscillation, amplification, frequency conversion, switching, phase shifting and modulation.
Introduction to buck, boost, and buck-boost converters28 September 2021
A buck converter (buck converter) is a DC-to-DC power converter that lowers the voltage from the source to the load (in drawing a smaller average current).A boost converter or a DC boost chopper is another name for a DC boost converter. A buck-boost converter is a DC-DC converter with an output voltage that can be higher or lower than the input voltage. This article mainly introduces these three converters and their working principles.
Introduction to STM32 Microcontrollers12 March 2021
The STM32 series is based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core specially designed for embedded applications that require high performance, low cost, and low power consumption. This article introduces the definition, types, difference between the STM32 microcontroller and 51 microcontrollers as well as the basic system of STM32.
Will HBM replace DDR and become Computer Memory?09 September 2021
The characteristics of high bandwidth and high latency determine that HBM is very suitable for GPU memory. But for personal computers, the tasks to be processed by the CPU are extremely unpredictable, require various random storage accesses, and are inherently more sensitive to latency. So in the short term, it is difficult for HBM to replace DDR on PCs.
Thermistor: Characteristics, Classification, Symbol and Applications10 December 2025
Thermistors are a class of sensitive components. They are divided into positive temperature coefficient thermistors (PTC) and negative temperature coefficient thermistors (NTC) according to different temperature coefficients.
Semiconductor Materials:Types, Properties and Production Process21 October 2025
The semiconductor material is a kind of electronic materials with semiconductor properties and can be used to make semiconductor devices and integrated circuits. Various external factors such as light, heat, magnetism, and electricity will act on semiconductors and arouse some physical effects and phenomena, which can be referred to as the semiconductor properties. The majority of the base materials constituting solid-state electronic devices are semiconductors. Different types of semiconductor devices have different functions and characteristics because of the various semiconductor properties.