28BYJ-48 5V Stepper Motor: 28BYJ-48 Datasheet, Pinout, Wiring
STEPPER MOTOR PM GEARED UNI 5V
The 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motors are one of the most commonly used stepper motors. This post mainly unlocks its datasheet, pinout, feature, wiring and more details about the 28BYJ-48.

28BYJ-48 stepper motor and ULN2003 Arduino (Quick tutorial for beginners)
28BYJ-48 Pinout

28BYJ-48 Pinout
No: | Pin Name | Wire Color | Description |
1 | Coil 1 | Orange | This Motor has a total of four coils. One end of all the coils are connected to +5V (red) wire and the other end of each coil is pulled out as wire colours Orange, Pink, Yellow and Blue respectively |
2 | Coil 2 | Pink | |
3 | Coil 3 | Yellow | |
4 | Coil 4 | Blue | |
5 | +5V | Red | We should supply +5V to this wire, this voltage will appear across the coil that is grounded. |
28BYJ-48 Description
The 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motors are one of the most popular stepper motors on the market. These or similar motors can be found in DVD drives, motion cameras, and a variety of other devices. The motor has a four-coil unipolar configuration with each coil rated at +5 V, making it simple to control with any basic microcontroller.
28BYJ-48 Feature
Rated Voltage: 5 VDC
Number of Phases: 4
Stride Angle: 5, 625℃/64
Pull-in torque: 300 gf.cm
Insulated Power: 600 VAC/1mA/1s
Coil: Unipolar 5 lead coil
28BYJ-48 Application
CNC machines
Precise control machines
Security cameras
DVD Players
Car side mirror tilt
Where to use 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motor
These motors are widely found in DVD players, motion cameras, and other similar devices. The motor has a four-coil unipolar configuration with each coil rated at +5 V, making it simple to control with any basic microcontroller. These motors have a stride angle of 5.625°/64, which implies that it will take the motor 64 steps to complete one spin, and each step will span 5.625°, implying a high level of control. These motors, however, only run on 5V and so cannot generate high torque; for high torque applications, the Nema17 motors should be considered.
How to use 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motor
These stepper motors draw a lot of currents, hence a driver IC like the ULN2003 is required. We should look at the coil diagram below to see how to make this motor rotate.

28-BYJ48 Diagram
As can be seen, the motor has four coils, one of which is connected to +5V (Red) while the others (Orange, Pink, Yellow, and Blue ) are taken out like wires. A steady +5V supply is delivered to the Red wire, and this +5V will only be across (energize) the coil if the other end of the coil is grounded. Only when the coils are energized (grounded) in a logical order can a stepper motor operate.
A microcontroller or a digital circuit can be used to program this logical sequence. The table below shows the order in which each coil should be triggered. The coil is retained at +5V in this case, and because both ends of the coil are at +5V (red and other ends), the coil will not be energized. Similarly, "0" indicates that the coil is grounded; now one end will be +5V and the other will be grounded, indicating that the coil is energized.
Motor Wire Color | Sequence to Rotate in clockwise Direction | |||||||
Step 1 | Step 2 | Step 3 | Step 4 | Step 5 | Step 6 | Step 7 | Step 8 | |
Orange | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Yellow | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Pink | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Blue | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Red | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Specifications
- TypeParameter
- Factory Lead Time4 Weeks
- Mounting Hole Spacing
The holes in the mounting brackets are spaced at 1 U (1.75 in. or 4.45 cm), so the router can be mounted in any rack that provides holes spaced at that distance.
1.378 (35.00mm) - CoilResistance50Ohm
- Voltage Rated
RATED voltage is the voltage on the nameplate - the "design point" for maximum power throughput and safe thermal operation.
5VDC - Series
In electronic components, the "Series" refers to a group of products that share similar characteristics, designs, or functionalities, often produced by the same manufacturer. These components within a series typically have common specifications but may vary in terms of voltage, power, or packaging to meet different application needs. The series name helps identify and differentiate between various product lines within a manufacturer's catalog.
28BYJ-48 - Size / Dimension
In electronic components, the parameter "Size / Dimension" refers to the physical dimensions of the component, such as its length, width, and height. These dimensions are crucial for determining how the component will fit into a circuit or system, as well as for ensuring compatibility with other components and the overall design requirements. The size of a component can also impact its performance characteristics, thermal properties, and overall functionality within a given application. Engineers and designers must carefully consider the size and dimensions of electronic components to ensure proper integration and functionality within their designs.
Round - 1.100Dia 28.00mm - Part Status
Parts can have many statuses as they progress through the configuration, analysis, review, and approval stages.
Active - Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) is a standardized rating that indicates the susceptibility of electronic components, particularly semiconductors, to moisture-induced damage during storage and the soldering process, defining the allowable exposure time to ambient conditions before they require special handling or baking to prevent failures
1 (Unlimited) - Termination
Termination in electronic components refers to the practice of matching the impedance of a circuit to prevent signal reflections and ensure maximum power transfer. It involves the use of resistors or other components at the end of transmission lines or connections. Proper termination is crucial in high-frequency applications to maintain signal integrity and reduce noise.
Wire Leads - TypePermanent Magnet Gear Motor
- Termination Style
"Termination style" in electronic components refers to the method used to connect the component to a circuit board or other electronic devices. It determines how the component's leads or terminals are designed for soldering or mounting onto the circuit board. Common termination styles include through-hole, surface mount, and wire lead terminations.Through-hole components have leads that are inserted through holes in the circuit board and soldered on the other side. Surface mount components have flat terminals that are soldered directly onto the surface of the circuit board. Wire lead terminations involve attaching wires to the component for connection.The choice of termination style depends on factors such as the type of component, the manufacturing process, and the space available on the circuit board. Different termination styles offer various advantages in terms of ease of assembly, reliability, and space efficiency in electronic designs.
Wire Leads with Connector - Coil Type
There are 2 different types of 'coil'; one has copper on it (IUD) and the other contains hormone (Mirena IUS). Both are over 99% effective at protecting against pregnancy.
Unipolar - Step Angle
the angle at which the rotor of a stepper motor moves when one pulse is applied to the input of the stator.
0.088° - Steps per Revolution
Steps per Revolution is a parameter commonly associated with stepper motors, which are electronic components used for precise control of movement in various devices. It refers to the number of discrete steps required for the motor to complete one full revolution. The higher the number of steps per revolution, the finer the control and precision that can be achieved in positioning and movement. This parameter is crucial for determining the resolution and accuracy of the stepper motor in applications such as robotics, 3D printers, CNC machines, and other automated systems.
4096 - Features
In the context of electronic components, the term "Features" typically refers to the specific characteristics or functionalities that a particular component offers. These features can vary depending on the type of component and its intended use. For example, a microcontroller may have features such as built-in memory, analog-to-digital converters, and communication interfaces like UART or SPI.When evaluating electronic components, understanding their features is crucial in determining whether they meet the requirements of a particular project or application. Engineers and designers often look at features such as operating voltage, speed, power consumption, and communication protocols to ensure compatibility and optimal performance.In summary, the "Features" parameter in electronic components describes the unique attributes and capabilities that differentiate one component from another, helping users make informed decisions when selecting components for their electronic designs.
Flatted Shaft - Diameter - Shaft
Diameter - Shaft refers to the measurement of the circular cross-section of a shaft used in electronic components, typically motors or actuators. This parameter is crucial for ensuring proper fit and compatibility with other mechanical elements such as bearings, gears, or housings. It influences the torque transmission capabilities and overall mechanical integrity of the device, making it a key specification in the design and selection process. The diameter is usually expressed in millimeters or inches and plays a vital role in determining load capacity and performance characteristics of the component.
0.197 (5.00mm) - Length - Shaft and Bearing
Length - Shaft and Bearing is a parameter that refers to the physical dimensions of the shaft and bearing components within an electronic device or system. The length measurement typically specifies the distance between the two components, which are crucial for supporting and enabling the rotation of moving parts such as motors, fans, or other mechanical components. This parameter is important for ensuring proper alignment, stability, and functionality of the device, as variations in the length of the shaft and bearing can impact performance and reliability. Manufacturers provide specific length measurements to help engineers and designers select compatible components for their applications.
0.394 10.00mm - RoHS Status
RoHS means “Restriction of Certain Hazardous Substances” in the “Hazardous Substances Directive” in electrical and electronic equipment.
ROHS3 Compliant
28-BYJ48 Package

28BYJ-48 Package
28-BYJ48 Manufacturer
MikroElektronika is a renowned producer of a wide range of development tools and compilers for various microcontroller families. MikroElektronika designs and manufactures complete solutions for PIC, dsPIC30/33, PIC24, PIC32, AVR , 8051, PSoC , as well as Tiva and STM32 ARM Cortex-M microcontrollers.
Datasheet PDF
- Datasheets :
What is one of the most popular stepper motors on the market?
28-BYJ48.
The 28-BYJ48 Stepper Motors have a four-coil unipolar configuration with each coil rated at what?
+5 V.
What is 28BYJ-48 used for?
The 28BYJ-48 stepper motor is a commonly used stepper motor. which converts electrical pulses into discrete mechanical rotation. When electrical signals are applied, the stepper motor rotates in precise and fixed angle increments known as steps.
How many steps is 28BYJ-48?
According to the datasheet, when the 28BYJ-48 motor runs in full-step mode, each step corresponds to a rotation of 11.25°. That means there are 32 steps per revolution (360°/11.25° = 32).
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