MAX232 Driver IC: Datasheet, Pinout and Circuit
16 Terminations 5V 16 Pin MAX232 Receivers 2/2 Drivers/Receivers 2 Functions









16 Terminations 5V 16 Pin MAX232 Receivers 2/2 Drivers/Receivers 2 Functions
The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply TIA/EIA-232-F voltage levels from a single 5-V supply. This article mainly covers pinout, datasheet, applications, features, and more details about MAX232.

Max232, The level shifter IC for microcontroller interfece.avi
MAX232 Pinout

MAX232 Pinout
| Pin Number | Pin Name | Description |
| 1 | C1 + | Connects to the positive end of the First capacitor |
| 2 | V+ | Connects to one end of the capacitor & other end is grounded |
| 3 | C1 - | Connects to the negative end of First Capacitor |
| 4 | C2+ | Connects to the positive end of the second capacitor |
| 5 | C2- | Connects to the negative end of the second capacitor |
| 6 | V- | Connects to one end of the capacitor & other end is grounded |
| 7 | T2 OUT | Transmission pin of second converter module for RS232 cable |
| 8 | R2 IN | Reception pin of second converter module for RS232 cable |
| 9 | R2 OUT | Reception pin of second converter module for Microcontroller(Rx) |
| 10 | T2 IN | Transmission pin of second converter module for Microcontroller(Tx) |
| 11 | T1 IN | Transmission pin of first converter module for Microcontroller(Tx) |
| 12 | R1 OUT | Reception pin of first converter module for Microcontroller(Rx) |
| 13 | R1 IN | Reception pin of first converter module for RS232 cable |
| 14 | T1 OUT | Transmission pin of first converter module for RS232 cable |
| 15 | Ground | Connects to the ground of the circuit |
| 16 | Vcc | Connects to the supply voltage typically +5V |
MAX232 CAD Model
Symbol

Symbol
Footprint

Footprint
3D Model

3D Model
MAX232 Description
The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage generator to supply TIA/EIA-232-F voltage levels from a single 5-V supply. Each receiver converts TIA/EIA-232-F inputs to 5-V TTL/CMOS levels. These receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3 V, a typical hysteresis of 0.5 V, and can accept ±30-V inputs.
Specifications
- TypeParameter
- Lifecycle Status
Lifecycle Status refers to the current stage of an electronic component in its product life cycle, indicating whether it is active, obsolete, or transitioning between these states. An active status means the component is in production and available for purchase. An obsolete status indicates that the component is no longer being manufactured or supported, and manufacturers typically provide a limited time frame for support. Understanding the lifecycle status is crucial for design engineers to ensure continuity and reliability in their projects.
ACTIVE (Last Updated: 2 days ago) - Factory Lead Time6 Weeks
- Mount
In electronic components, the term "Mount" typically refers to the method or process of physically attaching or fixing a component onto a circuit board or other electronic device. This can involve soldering, adhesive bonding, or other techniques to secure the component in place. The mounting process is crucial for ensuring proper electrical connections and mechanical stability within the electronic system. Different components may have specific mounting requirements based on their size, shape, and function, and manufacturers provide guidelines for proper mounting procedures to ensure optimal performance and reliability of the electronic device.
Through Hole - Mounting Type
The "Mounting Type" in electronic components refers to the method used to attach or connect a component to a circuit board or other substrate, such as through-hole, surface-mount, or panel mount.
Through Hole - Package / Case
refers to the protective housing that encases an electronic component, providing mechanical support, electrical connections, and thermal management.
16-DIP (0.300, 7.62mm) - Number of Pins16
- Weight955.690774mg
- Number of I/Os8
- Operating Temperature
The operating temperature is the range of ambient temperature within which a power supply, or any other electrical equipment, operate in. This ranges from a minimum operating temperature, to a peak or maximum operating temperature, outside which, the power supply may fail.
-40°C~85°C - Packaging
Semiconductor package is a carrier / shell used to contain and cover one or more semiconductor components or integrated circuits. The material of the shell can be metal, plastic, glass or ceramic.
Tube - JESD-609 Code
The "JESD-609 Code" in electronic components refers to a standardized marking code that indicates the lead-free solder composition and finish of electronic components for compliance with environmental regulations.
e4 - Pbfree Code
The "Pbfree Code" parameter in electronic components refers to the code or marking used to indicate that the component is lead-free. Lead (Pb) is a toxic substance that has been widely used in electronic components for many years, but due to environmental concerns, there has been a shift towards lead-free alternatives. The Pbfree Code helps manufacturers and users easily identify components that do not contain lead, ensuring compliance with regulations and promoting environmentally friendly practices. It is important to pay attention to the Pbfree Code when selecting electronic components to ensure they meet the necessary requirements for lead-free applications.
yes - Part Status
Parts can have many statuses as they progress through the configuration, analysis, review, and approval stages.
Active - Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL)
Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) is a standardized rating that indicates the susceptibility of electronic components, particularly semiconductors, to moisture-induced damage during storage and the soldering process, defining the allowable exposure time to ambient conditions before they require special handling or baking to prevent failures
1 (Unlimited) - Number of Terminations16
- ECCN Code
An ECCN (Export Control Classification Number) is an alphanumeric code used by the U.S. Bureau of Industry and Security to identify and categorize electronic components and other dual-use items that may require an export license based on their technical characteristics and potential for military use.
EAR99 - TypeTransceiver
- Terminal Finish
Terminal Finish refers to the surface treatment applied to the terminals or leads of electronic components to enhance their performance and longevity. It can improve solderability, corrosion resistance, and overall reliability of the connection in electronic assemblies. Common finishes include nickel, gold, and tin, each possessing distinct properties suitable for various applications. The choice of terminal finish can significantly impact the durability and effectiveness of electronic devices.
Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au) - Voltage - Supply
Voltage - Supply refers to the range of voltage levels that an electronic component or circuit is designed to operate with. It indicates the minimum and maximum supply voltage that can be applied for the device to function properly. Providing supply voltages outside this range can lead to malfunction, damage, or reduced performance. This parameter is critical for ensuring compatibility between different components in a circuit.
4.5V~5.5V - Terminal Position
In electronic components, the term "Terminal Position" refers to the physical location of the connection points on the component where external electrical connections can be made. These connection points, known as terminals, are typically used to attach wires, leads, or other components to the main body of the electronic component. The terminal position is important for ensuring proper connectivity and functionality of the component within a circuit. It is often specified in technical datasheets or component specifications to help designers and engineers understand how to properly integrate the component into their circuit designs.
DUAL - Number of Functions2
- Supply Voltage
Supply voltage refers to the electrical potential difference provided to an electronic component or circuit. It is crucial for the proper operation of devices, as it powers their functions and determines performance characteristics. The supply voltage must be within specified limits to ensure reliability and prevent damage to components. Different electronic devices have specific supply voltage requirements, which can vary widely depending on their design and intended application.
5V - Base Part Number
The "Base Part Number" (BPN) in electronic components serves a similar purpose to the "Base Product Number." It refers to the primary identifier for a component that captures the essential characteristics shared by a group of similar components. The BPN provides a fundamental way to reference a family or series of components without specifying all the variations and specific details.
MAX232 - Pin Count
a count of all of the component leads (or pins)
16 - Operating Supply Voltage
The voltage level by which an electrical system is designated and to which certain operating characteristics of the system are related.
5V - Power Supplies
an electronic circuit that converts the voltage of an alternating current (AC) into a direct current (DC) voltage.?
5V - Interface
In electronic components, the term "Interface" refers to the point at which two different systems, devices, or components connect and interact with each other. It can involve physical connections such as ports, connectors, or cables, as well as communication protocols and standards that facilitate the exchange of data or signals between the connected entities. The interface serves as a bridge that enables seamless communication and interoperability between different parts of a system or between different systems altogether. Designing a reliable and efficient interface is crucial in ensuring proper functionality and performance of electronic components and systems.
RS-232 - Nominal Supply Current
Nominal current is the same as the rated current. It is the current drawn by the motor while delivering rated mechanical output at its shaft.
10mA - Propagation Delay
the flight time of packets over the transmission link and is limited by the speed of light.
500 ns - Logic Function
In electronic components, the term "Logic Function" refers to the specific operation or behavior of a component based on its input signals. It describes how the component processes the input signals to produce the desired output. Logic functions are fundamental to digital circuits and are used to perform logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR.Each electronic component, such as logic gates or flip-flops, is designed to perform a specific logic function based on its internal circuitry. By understanding the logic function of a component, engineers can design and analyze complex digital systems to ensure proper functionality and performance. Different logic functions can be combined to create more complex operations, allowing for the creation of sophisticated digital devices and systems.
Receiver, Transceiver - Data Rate
Data Rate is defined as the amount of data transmitted during a specified time period over a network. It is the speed at which data is transferred from one device to another or between a peripheral device and the computer. It is generally measured in Mega bits per second(Mbps) or Mega bytes per second(MBps).
250kbps - Differential Output
a differential output voltage in electronics is the difference between the values of two AC voltages, 180° out of phase, present at the output terminals of an amplifier when you apply a differential input voltage to the input terminals of an amplifier.
NO - Output Polarity
Output polarity in electronic components refers to the orientation of the output signal in relation to the ground or reference voltage. It indicates whether the output voltage is positive or negative with respect to the ground. Positive output polarity means the signal is higher than the ground potential, while negative output polarity signifies that the signal is lower than the ground. This characteristic is crucial for determining compatibility with other components in a circuit and ensuring proper signal processing.
INVERTED - Protocol
In electronic components, the parameter "Protocol" refers to a set of rules and standards that govern the communication between devices. It defines the format, timing, sequencing, and error checking methods for data exchange between different components or systems. Protocols ensure that devices can understand and interpret data correctly, enabling them to communicate effectively with each other. Common examples of protocols in electronics include USB, Ethernet, SPI, I2C, and Bluetooth, each with its own specifications for data transmission. Understanding and adhering to protocols is essential for ensuring compatibility and reliable communication between electronic devices.
RS232 - Input Characteristics
In electronic components, "Input Characteristics" refer to the set of specifications that describe how the component behaves in response to signals or inputs applied to it. These characteristics typically include parameters such as input voltage, input current, input impedance, input capacitance, and input frequency range. Understanding the input characteristics of a component is crucial for designing circuits and systems, as it helps ensure compatibility and proper functioning. By analyzing these parameters, engineers can determine how the component will interact with the signals it receives and make informed decisions about its use in a particular application.
SCHMITT TRIGGER - Number of Drivers/Receivers2/2
- Receiver Number of Bits2
- Duplex
In the context of electronic components, "Duplex" refers to a type of communication system that allows for bidirectional data flow. It enables two devices to communicate with each other simultaneously, allowing for both sending and receiving of data at the same time. Duplex communication can be further categorized into two types: half-duplex, where data can be transmitted in both directions but not at the same time, and full-duplex, where data can be sent and received simultaneously. This parameter is crucial in networking and telecommunications systems to ensure efficient and effective data transmission between devices.
Full - Receiver Hysteresis
Receiver hysteresis is?commonly used to ensure glitch-free reception even when differential noise is present. This application report compares the noise immunity of the SN65HVD37 to similar devices available from competitors. Contents.
500mV - Number of Drivers2
- Number of Transceivers1
- Simplex/Duplex
In electronic components, the parameter "Simplex/Duplex" refers to the type of communication or data transmission mode supported by the component. Simplex communication is a one-way communication mode where data flows only in one direction, from the sender to the receiver. This means that the sender can only transmit data, and the receiver can only receive data. On the other hand, duplex communication is a two-way communication mode where data can flow in both directions, allowing for simultaneous transmission and reception of data between two devices. Understanding whether a component supports simplex or duplex communication is important for determining how data will be exchanged between devices and ensuring compatibility in a given system.
Full Duplex - Supply Voltage1-Nom
Supply Voltage1-Nom is a parameter in electronic components that refers to the nominal or rated voltage level at which the component is designed to operate optimally. This parameter specifies the voltage level that the component requires to function correctly and efficiently. It is important to ensure that the actual supply voltage provided to the component closely matches the specified nominal voltage to prevent damage or malfunction. Deviating significantly from the nominal voltage may result in unreliable performance or even permanent damage to the component. It is crucial to adhere to the specified supply voltage range to ensure the proper functioning and longevity of the electronic component.
5V - Height5.08mm
- Length19.3mm
- Width6.35mm
- Thickness
Thickness in electronic components refers to the measurement of how thick a particular material or layer is within the component structure. It can pertain to various aspects, such as the thickness of a substrate, a dielectric layer, or conductive traces. This parameter is crucial as it impacts the electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the component, influencing its performance and reliability in electronic circuits.
3.9mm - REACH SVHC
The parameter "REACH SVHC" in electronic components refers to the compliance with the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) regulation regarding Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC). SVHCs are substances that may have serious effects on human health or the environment, and their use is regulated under REACH to ensure their safe handling and minimize their impact.Manufacturers of electronic components need to declare if their products contain any SVHCs above a certain threshold concentration and provide information on the safe use of these substances. This information allows customers to make informed decisions about the potential risks associated with using the components and take appropriate measures to mitigate any hazards.Ensuring compliance with REACH SVHC requirements is essential for electronics manufacturers to meet regulatory standards, protect human health and the environment, and maintain transparency in their supply chain. It also demonstrates a commitment to sustainability and responsible manufacturing practices in the electronics industry.
No SVHC - Radiation Hardening
Radiation hardening is the process of making electronic components and circuits resistant to damage or malfunction caused by high levels of ionizing radiation, especially for environments in outer space (especially beyond the low Earth orbit), around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.
No - RoHS Status
RoHS means “Restriction of Certain Hazardous Substances” in the “Hazardous Substances Directive” in electrical and electronic equipment.
ROHS3 Compliant - Lead Free
Lead Free is a term used to describe electronic components that do not contain lead as part of their composition. Lead is a toxic material that can have harmful effects on human health and the environment, so the electronics industry has been moving towards lead-free components to reduce these risks. Lead-free components are typically made using alternative materials such as silver, copper, and tin. Manufacturers must comply with regulations such as the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) directive to ensure that their products are lead-free and environmentally friendly.
Lead Free
MAX232 Features
Meets or Exceeds TIA/EIA-232-F and ITU Recommendation V.28
Operates From a Single 5-V Power Supply With 1.0-F Charge-Pump Capacitors
Operates Up To 120 kbit/s
Two Drivers and Two Receivers
±30-V Input Levels
Low Supply Current . . . 8 mA Typical
ESD Protection Exceeds JESD 22 − 2000-V Human-Body Model (A114-A)
Upgrade With Improved ESD (15-kV HBM) and 0.1-F Charge-Pump Capacitors is Available With the MAX202
Applications − TIA/EIA-232-F, Battery-Powered Systems, Terminals, Modems, and Computers
MAX232 Applications
Battery Powered RS 232 Systems.
Interface Translation.
Low Power Modems.
RS 232 Networks (Multi-drop)
Portable Computing.
Where to use MAX232
The MAX232 is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that typically is used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, RTS signals. The drivers provide TIA-232 voltage level outputs (about ±7.5 volts) from a single 5-volt supply by on-chip charge pumps and external capacitors.
Therefore, if we have to interface these microcontrollers with the Computer we need to convert the TTL/CMOS logic to RS232 logic. Hence if you are looking for an IC to perform this conversion and interface a Microcontroller with your computer then MAX232 IC is the right one for you
How to use MAX232
MAX232 IC can help you to convert two logic level conversions that is you can use two Microcontrollers, but to gets started we will use only one MCU and connect it to a computer, the complete circuit is to do the same is shown below. As you can see the pins (T2 out, R2 in, T2 in, R2 out) are left free since we are not using the second module.

MAX232 Equivalents
MC1488, RS232 module, FT232RL, RS232 adapter cable.
MAX3232 vs. MAX232
The modern replacement for MAX232 IC is the MAX3232 both the IC's share the same pinout and package style hence it is a direct substitute. The major advancement made in this IC is that it can support both the 3.3V system and 5V systems while the predecessor MAX232 can support only the 5V systems.
MAX232 Working
Testing steps:
Ensure the tester is powered off.
Insert MAX232 chip to the ZIF socket.
Push SW1 to turn the power on.
Push the test button and check the green LED.
Test the serial data stream with the COM port tester. When we press keys (Green), it will echo back to the terminal in Yellow.
Push SW1 to turn the power off.
Take the chip out.
MAX232 Dimension


MAX232 Dimension
MAX232 Manufacturer
Texas Instruments (TI) is a global semiconductor firm originating in 1958 and nowadays it has over 30,000 employees who design, conduct, and sell analog and product-differentiating embedded processing components in 35 countries. Aimed at changing the world of tech, TI has put great effort into becoming the solution provider coupled with a vision.
Parts with Similar Specs
- ImagePart NumberManufacturerPackage / CaseNumber of PinsLogic FunctionInterfaceNumber of DriversReceiver Number of BitsData RateSupply VoltageView Compare
MAX232EIN
16-DIP (0.300, 7.62mm)
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Trend Analysis
Datasheet PDF
- PCN Design/Specification :
- Datasheets :
MAX232EIN-Texas-Instruments-datasheet-14133150.pdf
MAX232EIN-Texas-Instruments-datasheet-21222422.pdf
MAX232EIN-Texas-Instruments-datasheet-13562601.pdf
MAX232EIN-Texas-Instruments-datasheet-5312380.pdf
MAX232EIN-Texas-Instruments-datasheet-5316474.pdf
What is MAX232 used for?
The MAX232 is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that typically are used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, and RTS signals. The drivers provide TIA-232 voltage level outputs (about ±7.5 volts) from a single 5-volt supply by on-chip charge pumps and external capacitors.
What is the need of MAX232 IC?
Generally, the MAX-232 IC is used in the RS232 communication system for the conversion of voltage levels on TTL devices that are interfaced with the PC serial port and the Microcontroller. This IC is used as a hardware layer converter to communicate two systems simultaneously.
How do I know if my MAX232 is working?
Testing steps: Ensure the tester is powered off. Insert MAX232 chip to the ZIF socket. Push SW1 to turn the power on. Push the test button and check the green LED. Test the serial data stream with the COM port tester. When we press keys (Green), it will echo back to the terminal in Yellow. Push SW1 to turn the power off. Take the chip out.
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